|
Content Information |
1  |
Title: Early Accounts of Turquoise Use by Native Americans
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
Spanish explorers on the use of turquoise among the Pueblos
“In this pueblo they were all bedecked with turquoises, which hung from their noses and ears and which they call cacona.…The three days being over, many people gathered to go with me. I selected thirty prominent men, all very well dressed, wearin...
Show Keywords: 1540s; Castañeda, Pedro de; corn; Coronado, Francisco Vázquez de; Egyptian; Eleventh; Esteban; history; Indians; jewelry; Middle East; natives; negroes; Ninth; Niza, Marcos de; Persian; pueblos; Seven Cities of Cíbola; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; Tenth; trade; turquoise; Twelfth; warriors; women; Zuni Pueblo; Zunis |
2  |
Title: Expedition into New Mexico Made by Antonio de Espejo 1582-1583 as Revealed in the Journal of Diego Pérez de Luxan, a Member of the Party
Author(s):
Diego Pérez de Luxan (Author); George Hammond (Editor); Agapito Rey (Editor)
A merchant from New Spain journeys north as head of a relief party to find two Franciscan monks. Here he describes what his party found at Zuni.
We set out from this place on the fourteenth of the month and marched a league. We halted at the first pueblo of the province of Zuni which they called Malaque, in which we had a row of houses (for our use), and they gave us to eat of what they had u...
Show Keywords: 1580s; Acoma Pueblo; agave; Aguico; Alona; blankets; Cana; captains; Chamuscado, Francisco Sánchez; Christianity; Cochiti; conquistadores; Coronado, Francisco Vázquez de; cotton; cross; cultivate; death; discovery; Easter; Espejo, Antonio de; explorers; farmers; fields; flax; Franciscans; friars; God; Guadalajara; hares; history; houses; interpreters; leagues; Malaque; march; Mazaque; men; merchants; Mexican Indians; mines; mists; Mohose; mountains; natives; New Mexico; north; Pérez de Luxan, Diego; Piros; province; Puala de los Martires; pueblos; Quaquema; Quaquina; rabbits; Rio Grande; San Felipe Pueblo; snow; Spanish; spring; stones; stoves; surrender; sweat lodges; timber; traders; wars; weaving; whetstone; winter; women; Zia; Zuni Valley; Zunis |
3  |
Title: The Journey of Fray Marcos de Niza
Source(s): The Journey of Fray Marcos de Niza Author(s):
Fray Marcos de Niza (Author); Cleve Hallenbeck (Editor)
What happens when Fray Marcos de Niza sends Estevan the Spanish Moor as advance scout in search of the golden Cities of Cibola in 1539.
On another route I sent Estevan de Dorantes, the black, whom I instructed to follow to the north for fifty or sixty leagues, to see if by that route he would be able to learn of any great thing such as we sought; and I agreed with him that if he rece...
Show Keywords: 1530s; Acus; apartments; arrows; belts; blankets; blood; borders; brothers; buttons; calabash; cascabels; Catholicism; Cíbola; Central America; Christianity; clothing; corn; corn pollen; cows; cross; cure; death; decorate; designs; despoblado; destiny; digs; districts; east; Easter; Esteban; evil; expeditions; explorers; fathers; food; Franciscans; friars; goats; God; gold; grief; ground; guides; gypsies; Hawikuh; hide; history; hospitality; houses; Indians; Jesus Christ; journeys; kills; kingdom; lances; leagues; limestone; lord; mantas; Marata; messengers; Mexico; missionaries; natives; New Spain; news; nights; Niza, Marcos de; north; patrimony; peace; Pintados; portadas; portale; province; rattles; rituals; settlements; Seven Cities of Cíbola; shirts; signals; sins; sons; souls; Spanish; Spanish Crown; stones; streams; streets; sun; tales; tassels; Totonteac; trade; travelers; turquoise; Vacapa; valleys; viceroys; villa; villages; voices; women; workers; wounds; Zuni Pueblo; Zuni Valley; Zunis |
4  |
Title: Castañeda's History of the Expedition
Source(s): The Journey of Francisco Vasquez de Coronado 1540-1542; Coronado Cuarto Centennial Publications, 1540-1940 Author(s):
Pedro de Castañeda (Author); George P. Hammond (Editor); Agapito Rey (Editor)
How the Zunis kill the negro Esteban at Cibola, and how Fray Marcos flees in flight.
CHAPTER III — How they killed the negro Esteban at Cíbola, and how Fray Marcos returned in flight.
When Esteban got away from the said friars, he craved to gain honor and fame in everything and to be credited with the boldness and daring of dis...
Show Keywords: 1540s; adobe; Alvarado, Captain Hernando de; army; authority; boys; Castañeda, Pedro de; Catholicism; Cárdenas, Don García López de; Cíbola; Chichilticale; conquers; conquistadores; Coronado, Francisco Vázquez de; councils; Culiacán; danger; Díaz, Melchior; defeat; despoblado; discovery; districts; Eighth; elders; Eleventh; entradas; Esteban; expeditions; explorers; farms; fear; fields; fish; forts; friars; generals; God; guides; heavens; history; honor; horses; Indians; interpreters; journeys; kills; leagues; lord; Mexican Indians; missionaries; Moors; nations; natives; negroes; New Spain; New World; news; Ninth; Niza, Marcos de; Old World; peace; presents; protect; province; provisions; pueblos; Red River; regions; religious articles; riders; ruins; saddles; Santiago, the; settlements; Seven Cities of Cíbola; Seventh; soldiers; Spain; Spanish; spy; squadrons; streams; sweat lodges; tales; Tenth; turquoise; Twelfth; valleys; veterans; Victoria, Fray Antonio; victory; war cry; warriors; weapons; white men; wisdom; women; Zaldívar, Juan de; Zuni Pueblo; Zunis |
5  |
Title: As for the Natives
Author(s):
Diego de Vargas (Author)
Diego de Vargas’ comment on the people of Acoma when he returned to New Mexico in 1692.
“...As for the natives of the rock of Acoma, since they are a distance of twenty-four leagues from Isleta, and also those of the province of Zuni, they may be left as they are.”
Show Keywords: 1680s; 1690s; Acoma Pueblo; Acomas; indigenous people; Isleta Pueblo; leagues; natives; province; Pueblo Revolt; reconquest; Vargas, Don Diego de; Zuni |
6  |
Title: Fray Juan Ramírez Comes to Acoma
Source(s): K’atsina: A Novel of Rebellion Author(s):
Lana M. Harrigan (Author)
A novelist's depiction of the arrival of Fray Juan Ramírez in Acoma Pueblo in 1629.
That night Juan Ramírez wrapped himself in a coarse woolen blanket and lay down on the hard ground where he would build his house of worship. He was glad the governor and his entourage had departed.
The Acoma had taken down baskets of corn, a few...
Show Keywords: 1620s; 1990s; Acoma Pueblo; Acomas; adzes; almonds; altar; animals; arrows; awls; axes; bacon; baskets; bassoons; beans; bells; blankets; calves; Campeche; candles; carts; cassocks; Catholicism; cauldrons; chants; cheeses; children; chiles; church; cinnamon; conflicts; conserves; converts; corn; families; fish; flour; Franciscans; free will; friars; frying pans; gallons; garlic; girls; goats; governor; Harrigan, Lana M.; heathens; heifers; history; hoes; holy water; honey; horseshoes; host; incense; iron; journeys; katsinam; kills; knives; lard; lentils; mantas; Mass; medicine; mesas; metate; miracle; missionaries; mules; nails; natives; needles; nights; Niza, Marcos de; novels; oils; onions; orders; paper; pepper; pesos; pounds; prayers; presents; priests; Pueblo Revolt; raisins; Ramírez, Fray Juan; sackcloth; saffron; salt; Sanctus; sandals; Santa Fe; saws; scissors; sheep; soap; soldiers; Spanish; steel; stones; sugar; supplies; tools; translate; trumpets; turkeys; vinegar; wax; wine; yards |
7  |
Title: How Don Pedro de Tovar Discovered Tusayan
Source(s): The Journey of Coronado 1540-1542; (Chapter XI) Author(s):
George Parker Winship (Editor)
How Don Pedro de Tovar discovered Tusayan or Tutahaco and Don García López de Cárdenas saw the Firebrand River and the other things that happened.
While the things already described were taking place, Cíbola being at peace, the General Francis...
Show Keywords: 1540s; animals; army; assemblies; barters; birds; bows; bridles; buys; captains; Catholicism; Cárdenas, Don García López de; Cíbola; Christianity; chroniclers; cold; communication; companions; corn; Coronado, Francisco Vázquez de; crystals; Díaz, Melchior; deserts; districts; elders; encounters; expeditions; farms; Firebrand River; Franciscans; friars; friends; generals; gold; gourds; governor; guides; headquarters; Hopis; horses; houses; information; interpreters; journeys; leagues; mornings; native cloth; natives; neighbors; north; Padilla, Juan de; peace; pine nuts; pines; presents; province; provisions; regions; riders; rivers; salt; Santiago, the; sells; settlements; Seven Cities of Cíbola; Seville; shields; skins; soldiers; Sotomayor, Pedro; Spanish; strangers; surrender; Tovar, Pedro de; towers; turquoise; Tusayan; war club; warriors; water; Winship, George Parker; women; Zunis |
8  |
Title: A Voice
Source(s): My Own True Name: New and Selected Poems for Young Adults Author(s):
Pat Mora (Author)
A poem describing the narrators mothers struggle to learn English.
Even the lights on the stage unrelenting
as the desert sun couldn’t hide the other
students, their eyes also unrelenting,
students who spoke English every night
as they ate their meat, potatoes, gravy.
Not you. In your house that smelled lik...
Show Keywords: America; audience; aunts; blood; breath; capitols; countries; courage; courts; democracies; deserts; El Paso; English; eyes; faces; families; fathers; fights; generations; grandparents; gravy; halls; hide; hoarseness; houses; ice; judges; languages; lights; meat; Mexican Revolution; Mexicans; Mexico; Mora, Pat; natives; neighbors; New Mexico; nights; parents; patriotism; peacocks; poem; poets; potatoes; powders; pride; race; rivers; roses; songs; Spanish; speech; states; stories; storytellers; sun; Texas; theaters; throat; trees; trucks; understand; voices; whisper; wind; wins; words; writers; years |
9  |
Title: Trading in the Americas
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
A brief overview of trading in the Americas.
For hundreds of years, indigenous people of the American Southwest, whether on the move or in permanent settlements, traded among themselves. Archeologists have found shells from the Pacific Ocean, parrot feathers from Mexico, and turquoise from dist...
Show Keywords: 1500s; 1600s; 1700s; 1830s; 1840s; 1870s; 1880s; abalone; adventures; Americans; ammunition; archaeologists; Arkansas River; arrest; arrows; authority; automobiles; awls; barters; beads; Bents Fort; bison; blankets; books; brass; businesses; Canada; captives; Chaco Canyon; Chihuahua; clothing; coffee; colonialism; Colorado; combs; copper; dances; east; El Camino Real/Chihuahua Trail; empires; encounters; entradas; feathers; flannels; flour; food; forts; France; furs; Green River; gunpowder; highways; immigration; Indian Markets; indigenous people; iron; Kearny, Stephen; knives; Las Vegas; manufactures; McNitt, Frank; merchandise; merchants; Mexico; migration; mines; mirror; Missouri; monopolies; natives; Navajo Reservation; neighbors; New Mexico; New Spain; Old Santa Fe Trail; opportunities; Pacific Ocean; parrots; Pecos; Pecos Pueblo; Pueblo Indians; pueblos; railroad; regions; ribbons; Rio Grande; Rio Grande Valley; roads; ruins; Santa Fe; Santa Fe Trail; settlements; settlers; shells; slave trade; slaves; Southwest; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; stores; sugar; systems; tacks; Taos; territory; tobacco; towns; trade; trade knives; traders; trading posts; traditions; transports; trappers; travelers; tribes; trinkets; trucks; turquoise; US Army; warehouses; weaving; wires; years |