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Content Information |
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Title: Muster Roll
Source(s): Majestic Journey: Coronado’s Inland Empire Author(s):
Stewart L. Udall (Author)
Before Coronado’s expedition into New Mexico, a muster roll was taken describing each traveler in detail.
We know a lot about events that day at Compostela— exactly 192 years before George Washington was born in 1732—because Don Antonio had issued an order that each soldier would pass before an inspector and declare his possessions. Thus, diligent sc...
Show Keywords: 1500s; 1550s; 1730s; Acoma Pueblo; aldermen; Andalusia; animals; Argentina; armor; army; arquebus; arrows; arsenals; artists; bishops; blacksmiths; brothers; buglers; Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Nuñez; campaigns; camps; canvas; captains; Carlos, King of Spain; carriers; castles; Catholic Monarchs; Catholicism; cattle; cavalry; Cárdenas, Don García López de; Cíbola; chamberlain; chaplains; Christianity; colonialism; Colorado River; commanders; Compostela; conquistadores; Coronado, Francisco Vázquez de; Cortés, Hernán; Costa Rica; councils; cross; crossbows; Culiacán; daughters; Díaz, Melchior; death; discovery; dispatches; England; ensigns; entradas; equipment; Estrada, Beatriz de; expeditions; explorers; families; Felipe II, King of Spain; Florida; food; France; Franciscans; friars; generals; Germany; God; governor; Grand Canyon; helmets; history; hooves; Hopis; horses; Italy; journalists; Juana la Loca; Kansas; march; martyrs; Mary, Queen of England; mayors; Mendoza, Antonio de; metal; Mexican Indians; Mexico; Mexico City; mines; missionaries; mules; muster roll; New Mexico; New Spain; New World; Niza, Marcos de; north; nurses; oaths; Oñate, Juan de; Pacific Ocean; Padilla, Juan de; paint; Panama; Pecos Pueblo; pilgrimages; ponies; pony express; Portugal; priests; prisons; province; Quivira; race; retinues; riders; rituals; saddles; Saint Francis of Assisi; Salamanca; sandals; scarecrows; Scotland; scouts; servants; settlements; Seville; sheep; shoemakers; skins; soldiers; sons; Spanish; spurs; supplies; swords; symbols; Tabasco; Taos; Tepic; Tigüex; Tordesillas; traditions; transportation; travelers; treasurer; Tunis; Turquoise Trail; Udall, Stewart L.; United States; Valladolid; vanguard; veterans; veterinarian; viceroys; Washington, George; weapons; wives; women; wounds; wranglers; Yucatán; Zumárraga, Juan de |
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Title: Early Life
Source(s): Geronimo: His Own Story Author(s):
Geronimo (Author); S. M. Barrett (Oral Historian)
Famed Chiricahua Apache war chief Geronimo speaks of his childhood and how a boy becomes a warrior. As Told to S. M. Barrett.
I was born in No-doyohn Cañon, Arizona, June, 1829. In that country which lies around the headwaters of the Gila River I was reared. This range was our fatherland; among these mountains our wigwams were hidden; the scattered valleys contained our fi...
Show Keywords: 1800s; 1820s; acres; animals; Apaches; Arizona; autumn; babies; baskets; battles; beans; bears; berries; boys; bread; bury; camps; captives; cattle; caverns; caves; cherries; chiefs; children; Chiricahua Apaches; clouds; cooks; corn; cottonwoods; councils; courage; coward; cradles; crops; cultivate; deer; dogs; eats; Eighth; Eleventh; enemies; expeditions; farming; fatherland; fathers; fear; ferment; fields; fodder; Fort Sill; friends; Geronimo; Gila River; girls; Great Spirit; harvest; hoes; home; honor; horses; hunts; intoxicate; knives; languages; legends; mano; medicine man; melons; men; metate; military prison; moon; mothers; mountains; nights; Ninth; No-doyohn Cañon; nuts; oral history; parents; pastures; pines; plains; plants; play; plows; ponies; prayers; protect; pumpkins; revenge; riders; rivers; sacred; scalp; servants; Seventh; sky; smoke; squaws; stars; status; storms; sun; Tenth; tepees; thickets; tobacco; trees; tribes; Twelfth; Usen; valleys; volunteers; votes; warriors; wars; wigwams; wind; winter; wisdom; wolves; women; wounds; youths |
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Title: Castañeda's History of the Expedition
Source(s): The Journey of Francisco Vasquez de Coronado 1540-1542; Coronado Cuarto Centennial Publications, 1540-1940 Author(s):
Pedro de Castañeda (Author); George P. Hammond (Editor); Agapito Rey (Editor)
How the Zunis kill the negro Esteban at Cibola, and how Fray Marcos flees in flight.
CHAPTER III — How they killed the negro Esteban at Cíbola, and how Fray Marcos returned in flight.
When Esteban got away from the said friars, he craved to gain honor and fame in everything and to be credited with the boldness and daring of dis...
Show Keywords: 1540s; adobe; Alvarado, Captain Hernando de; army; authority; boys; Castañeda, Pedro de; Catholicism; Cárdenas, Don García López de; Cíbola; Chichilticale; conquers; conquistadores; Coronado, Francisco Vázquez de; councils; Culiacán; danger; Díaz, Melchior; defeat; despoblado; discovery; districts; Eighth; elders; Eleventh; entradas; Esteban; expeditions; explorers; farms; fear; fields; fish; forts; friars; generals; God; guides; heavens; history; honor; horses; Indians; interpreters; journeys; kills; leagues; lord; Mexican Indians; missionaries; Moors; nations; natives; negroes; New Spain; New World; news; Ninth; Niza, Marcos de; Old World; peace; presents; protect; province; provisions; pueblos; Red River; regions; religious articles; riders; ruins; saddles; Santiago, the; settlements; Seven Cities of Cíbola; Seventh; soldiers; Spain; Spanish; spy; squadrons; streams; sweat lodges; tales; Tenth; turquoise; Twelfth; valleys; veterans; Victoria, Fray Antonio; victory; war cry; warriors; weapons; white men; wisdom; women; Zaldívar, Juan de; Zuni Pueblo; Zunis |
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Title: Truth of a Hopi
Author(s):
Edmund Nequatewa (Author)
Edmund Nequatewa talks about the time when some Hopis refused to send their children to the boarding school at Keams Canyon.
How some Hopis resisted sending their children to school and the trouble that resulted.
About this time [1883] the [Bureau of Indian Affairs] agency was established at Keams Canyon, and of course the Hopis knew that this meant peace. So all the ch...
Show Keywords: 1880s; adolescents; agents; Americans; Arizona; army; axes; blacks; boarding schools; brothers; Bureau of Indian Affairs; chiefs; children; coffee; conflicts; councils; defend; Eighth; Eleventh; enemies; envelopes; factions; fights; First Mesa; followers; friends; hidden; history; hoes; Hopis; information; initiation; Keam's Canyon; kivas; letters; Lololama; mesas; Mishongnovi; missionaries; Navajos; negroes; Nequatewa, Edmund; nights; Ninth; Oraibi Pueblo; orders; peace; police; pueblos; quarrels; relatives; rituals; scalp; Seventh; Shipaulovi; Shung-opovi; soldiers; sons; sugar; Sunlight Mission; Tawahonganiwa; Tenth; tools; traditions; Twelfth; underworld; US Army; villages; white men; Yokeoma |
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Title: Two Lives for Oñate
Author(s):
Miguel Encinias (Author)
An excerpt from a novel about Juan de Oñate's campaign to conquer New Mexico in 1598-99.
On 12 January 1599, Zaldívar set out for Acoma with seventy soldiers and instructions to demand the delivery of those guilty for the attack on the Spaniards and, failing to achieve that, to wage relentless war and to take all of the inhabitants pris...
Show Keywords: 1590s; Acoma Pueblo; age; agreement; Aguilar, Pablo de, Captain; alerts; anger; army; arquebus; arrows; attacks; Battle of Acoma; battles; Benavides, Fray Alonso; blessing; blood; boulders; breakfast; breath; bridges; brothers; bury; camps; Castilians; Catholicism; caves; chants; chasms; chiefs; children; Christianity; clothing; colonialism; commanders; conquers; conquistadores; councils; counsel; courage; cousins; crags; curses; damages; dances; danger; death; deceives; defeat; deserts; dies; disasters; Don Tomás; drums; elders; Encinias, Miguel; enemies; evacuates; families; fathers; fatigue; field commander; fights; fire; fissures; foreigners; forts; Franciscans; friends; gender; generals; governor; grief; guilt; gunfire; guns; hearts; history; honor; horses; ice; inhabitants; injuries; intruders; January; Jesus Christ; jobs; Kho-Ka-Cha-Ni; kills; Knights of Christ; Ku-Wai-Dii; López, Captain; lieutenants; life; loves; lumber; Mass; Márquez, Captain; men; mercy; mesas; missions; mornings; mountains; nephew; New Mexico; noncombatants; novels; Oñate, Juan de; onslaughts; peace; poets; pride; prisoners; puddles; Quesada, Captain Alonso de; rebellions; revenge; riders; rulers; San Juan Pueblo; selections; shoots; showers; Shu-Wi-Mi; sickness; silence; sleep; soldiers; souls; Spanish; squadrons; stairs; stones; storms; sunsets; surprise; surrender; swords; terms; threats; tomorrow; understand; ventures; victory; villages; Villagrá, Gaspar Pérez de; volunteers; war captains; war club; warns; warriors; wars; weapons; west; whores; winter; wives; women; wounds; Zaldívar, Vicente de; Zubía, Captain |
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Title: Traditional Apache Life
Author(s):
Southwest Crossroads Spotlight
An overview of some important events and themes in the lives of Apaches.
The Athapaskan peoples migrated south from Alaska and Canada and eventually split into seven distinct groups. By 1500, they occupied a vast expanse of territory in the American Southwest. The extreme environments they inhabited—mountains, deserts, ...
Show Keywords: 1500s; 1850s; 1880s; 1900s; 1980s; Alaska; Americans; animals; Apache Society; Apachería; Apaches; army; Athapaskans; attention; aunts; authority; babies; bags; bands; bark; baskets; bathe; battles; birth; bison; blankets; Bosque Redondo; bounty; Bourke, Captain; boys; branches; breath; brush; calendars; campaigns; camps; Canada; captives; cattle; ceremonial robes; charcoal; chiefs; children; Chiricahua Apaches; clay; cleanliness; clothing; conflicts; controls; cooks; cord; corn; councils; courage; cousins; cowboys; cradleboards; crops; cross; crowns; cruelty; cultures; cure; cuts; dances; daughters; dawn; death; deserts; disciplines; drinks; ears; east; eats; elders; encounters; enemies; energies; environment; ethics; expeditions; families; farming; farms; fathers; feasts; feet; fire; Florida; food; Fort Marion; friends; galleries; gambling; game; gather; generosity; girls; girls ceremony; government; grasses; guards; guides; hair; heads; health; help; herds; hide; hills; honor; horses; hounds; houses; hunting grounds; hunts; Indians; indigenous people; industries; inhabits; insects; insulation; jails; Jicarilla Apaches; journalism; judges; Kiowa-Apaches; lariats; laws; leathers; life road; livestock; loyalty; luck; machines; marriage; matrilineage; meat; medicine; medicine man; Melody, Michael; men; Mescalero Apaches; Mexico; migration; Mimbres Apaches; moccasins; money; morality; mothers; mounds; mountains; nature; neighbors; nerves; nests; New Mexico; nomads; North America; noses; obey; officers; oral tradition; peace; pesos; physicians; pierce; pits; plains; plants; police; policy; pollen; powers; prairie dogs; prisons; puberty ceremony; Pueblo Indians; punishment; quarrels; rabbits; raids; rancherías; ranchers; rations; rats; relatives; reservations; respect; rites of passage; rituals; robes; run; Santee, Ross; scalp; scarves; scouts; sentinels; sewing; shade; shaman; shields; Shipapu; shock; single; sisters; skills; smoke; social order; societies; songs; sons; Southwest; Southwest Crossroads Spotlight; Spanish; spring; steals; sting; stones; storytellers; strangers; streams; summer; supplies; survive; survivors; symbols; sympathy; tanning; teach; teenagers; tepees; territory; thirsts; tracks; traditions; trained; traits; trays; tribes; US Army; ventilation; vitality; walks; war chief; warriors; wars; wasps; weapons; weather; white men; wickiup; wisdom; wood rats; youngsters |
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Title: Cattle
Source(s): Indeh: An Apache Odyssey Author(s):
Daklugie (Author); Eve Ball (Author)
Daklugie describes how he became a cattle rancher and dealt with some rustlers.
So I took over. The government had given the prisoners a start in cattle, and in one year some of the men had become fairly good at handling them. All were good horsemen, but they had to learn how to rope and to flank calves. I had not done that eith...
Show Keywords: 1910s; 1940s; Americans; Apaches; Ball, Eve; brands; brothers; butcher; calves; captives; cattle; cavalry; chiefs; Chiricahua Apaches; coffee; Comanches; corn; councils; courage; cowboys; crops; cultivate; Daklugie, Asa (Ace); dresses; droughts; elders; evidence; farmers; farming; fences; fodder; gates; government; guards; hay; herds; hide; horseshoes; houses; Indians; interview; Juh; Kiowa-Apaches; Kiowas; laws; lawyers; marry; Mescalero Apache Reservation; money; Oklahoma; oral history; orders; penitentiaries; prosecute; punishment; race; ranchers; ranges; reservations; resources; responsibility; riders; rituals; roads; rope; Scott, Captain; scouts; sieges; skins; soil; sorghum; steals; stories; sugar; thieves; tracks; travelers; US Army; wells; white men; wires |
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Title: The Rescue of Two Mexican Boys
Source(s): Life Among the Apaches Author(s):
John C. Cremony (Author)
An American traveling with the band of Apache chief Mangas Colorado helps to free two young Mexican captives.
It has already been stated that my tent was pitched several hundred yards from the rest of the Commission, and hidden from the view of my companions by an intervening hillock. This fact rendered me far more cautious than I otherwise would have been. ...
Show Keywords: 1860s; adobe; affections; aggressors; Americans; anger; animals; answers; Apaches; Aredia, Savero; arrows; Bacuachi; bands; bargain; belts; blankets; blood; bows; boys; brothers; buildings; buyers; buys; calico; camps; captives; chiefs; Chihuahua; children; Chiricahua Apaches; clothing; Coletto Amarillo; commissary; commissioner; companions; conclaves; conferences; confidence; conflicts; conquers; conversations; copper mines; cots; councils; countries; Cremony, John C.; Cuchillo Negro; Delgadito; destiny; dollars; duty; elders; employers; families; fault; freedom; friends; Fronteras; García Conde, General; gentlemen; gestures; good faith; grateful; greed; grief; guards; guns; hands; headmen; hearts; help; hills; home; horses; illustration; Indians; intentions; interpreters; interview; justice; lances; languages; laugh; laws; lies; life; loves; Mangas Coloradas; memory; Mexico; money; Mr. Bartlett; nations; obey; officials; owners; peace; pipes; play; Ponce; prices; pride; prisoners; promises; property; protect; publish; questions; reason; recordings; relatives; rescue; revenge; risks; savages; seances; secrets; sells; sheets; shoulders; silence; situations; Sonora; speaks; squaws; states; steals; stories; suffering; surrender; talks; tents; tepees; threats; tobacco; tongues; translate; Trinfan, José; truths; warfare; warriors; wars; washes; weapons; white men; wives; women; words; wounds; yards |
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Title: Coyote Fights a Lump of Pitch
Source(s): American Indian Myths and Legends Author(s):
Traditional; Richard Erdoes (Editor); Alfonso Ortiz (Editor)
Coyote tries to fight a lump of pitch and gets captured by a white man.
Even long ago, when our tribe and animals and birds lived together near white people, Coyote was always in trouble. He would visit among the camps, staying in one for a while and then moving on, and when he stayed at Bear’s camp, he used to go over...
Show Keywords: animals; Apaches; bears; birds; bites; boil; bread; bushes; camps; captives; chains; Chiricahua Apaches; coffee; cold; cooks; councils; cousins; Coyote; coyotes; cuts; drinks; ears; eats; elbows; families; farmers; farms; feasts; fields; fists; food; furs; gray fox; ground; hair; hands; heats; houses; kicks; kills; legs; midnight; moon; nights; oral tradition; paths; pitch; potatoes; pottery; quilts; rags; scalds; steals; strikes; sunsets; tails; tales; trails; trees; tribes; urinates; water; wheat; white men; White Mountain Apaches |
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Title: Oraibi Before the Split
Source(s): Hopi Voices: Recollections, Traditions, and Narratives of the Hopi Indians Author(s):
Homer Cooyama, Kikeuchmovi, July 1970 (Author); Harold Courlander (Editor)
A Hopi elder tells how the conflict between the Hostiles and the Friendlies within Oraibi society destroyed their ancient religion.
Before the split, Old Oraibi was a very complicated society. We were involved with different organizations, with fraternities, with groups (comparable to) the Masons, many things we don’t know too much about today. There were fourteen kivas in Old ...
Show Keywords: 1600s; 1840s; 1900s; altar; articles; astronomers; Awatovi; bands; beliefs; boarding schools; books; boundary; Bow Priesthood; burn; cacique; calendars; Catholicism; chiefs; children; clans; conflicts; converts; Cooyama, Homer; councils; Coyote Clan (Hopi); crier chiefs; cultures; danger; death; education; elders; entradas; families; fraternities; Friendlies; government; guns; head priest; high priests; Hopis; Hostiles; initiation; insanity; katsinam; Keam's Canyon; kivas; land policies; life ways; luck; Masons; members; missionaries; missions; morality; mysteries; officials; Oraibi Pueblo; organizations; paraphernalia; parents; police; policy; pottery; priests; prophecy; protect; reconcile; religion; religious articles; responsibility; rituals; sacred objects; sacred sites; social organization; societies; Southwest; supervision; Tawaletstiwa; threats; traditions; United States; US; US Army; villages; war chief; white men |